Atomic Number
31
Element 31
Gallium (Ga)
Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31. It is in group 13 of the periodic table, and thus has similarities to the other metals of the group, aluminium, indium, and thallium.
Atomic Mass
69.723 u
Category
Post-Transition Metal
Period
4
Group
Group 13: boron group
Phase
solid
Density
5.91 g/cm3
Electron Shells
2, 8, 18, 3
Atomic Structure
Protons: 31. Electrons: 31. Neutrons: Varies by isotope.
Electron configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p¹
Why Gallium Matters
Gallium helps connect atomic number 31, post-transition metal behavior, period 4 trends, and electron shell structure. Its solid phase, atomic mass of 69.723 u, and electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p¹ make it useful for comparing bonding patterns across the periodic table.
Discovery and Occurrence
Gallium was discovered 1875 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran. Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31. It is in group 13 of the periodic table, and thus has similarities to the other metals of the group, aluminium, indium, and thallium.
Safety and Handling Context
Gallium is presented here for learning and comparison. Pure elements and laboratory compounds can have hazards that depend on dose, form, and setting.
Related Elements
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the atomic number of Gallium?
- Gallium has atomic number 31, which means a neutral atom has 31 protons and 31 electrons.
- What is the chemical symbol for Gallium?
- The chemical symbol for Gallium is Ga.
- What category is Gallium in?
- Gallium is classified as a post-transition metal and sits in period 4 of the periodic table.
Explore Gallium in 3D
Use the interactive table above to rotate atomic models, compare periodic trends, and move from Gallium to neighboring elements without losing your place.